数字经济视角下农产品供应链数字化转型研究

Research on the Digital Transformation of Agricultural Products Supply Chain from the Perspective of Digital Economy

摘要: 数字经济时代，农产品供应链数字化转型成为加快农业强国建设、保障粮食安全与促进乡村振兴的核心路径。本文以供应链管理理论、技术嵌入理论及TOED (技术–组织–环境–数据)扩展框架为理论基础，系统性地探讨了农产品供应链数字化转型所涉及的理论内涵、现实条件以及当前面临的多重挑战。研究进一步从技术赋能、组织协同、市场驱动与制度保障四个维度，构建了一套全面推动该领域转型的路径体系。研究发现：农产品供应链数字化转型是战略驱动、技术驱动、内生驱动与市场驱动的多元合力结果，当前已形成数字基础设施逐步完善、产业应用初见成效的良好格局，但仍面临生产端技术适配不足、渠道端协同不畅、物流端信息断层与制度端保障缺失的四重瓶颈。通过强化数字技术深度嵌入、构建多元主体协同网络、完善全链条服务体系与健全制度保障机制，可有效破解转型难题，推动农产品供应链向绿色智能、高效协同的数字生态系统演进。

Abstract: In the era of the digital economy, the digital transformation of agricultural supply chains has become a core pathway for accelerating the development of an agricultural powerhouse, safeguarding food security, and promoting rural revitalisation. This paper systematically explores the theoretical implications, practical conditions, and multiple challenges confronting the digital transformation of agricultural supply chains, grounded in supply chain management theory, technology embedding theory, and the TOED (Technology-Organisation-Environment-Data) extended framework. The research further constructs a comprehensive pathway system to advance transformation in this domain, addressing four dimensions: technological empowerment, organisational synergy, market-driven forces, and institutional safeguards. Findings indicate that the digital transformation of agricultural supply chains results from the convergence of strategic, technological, endogenous, and market-driven forces. While a favourable landscape has emerged with gradually improving digital infrastructure and nascent industrial applications, four key bottlenecks persist: inadequate technological adaptation at the production end, suboptimal coordination at the distribution end, information gaps in logistics, and insufficient institutional safeguards. By deepening the integration of digital technologies, establishing collaborative networks among diverse stakeholders, refining end-to-end service systems, and strengthening institutional safeguards, these transformation challenges can be effectively addressed. This will propel agricultural supply chains towards evolving into green, intelligent, efficient, and collaborative digital ecosystems.