宁夏地区医学高校大学生非自杀性自伤行为与焦虑、抑郁及自杀意念的关系研究

The Relationship between Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Anxiety, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation among Medical University Students in Ningxia

摘要: 目的：探讨宁夏高校大学生非自杀性自伤(NSSI)行为的发生现状，并分析其与焦虑、抑郁及自杀意念的关系。方法：采用方便整群抽样法，选取宁夏地区某医学高校共2380名在校学生作为调查对象。使用自编非自杀性自伤行为问卷、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表及自杀意念自评量表进行横断面调查。结果：本研究中NSSI发生率为39.5%。有NSSI组中女性比例显著高于男性(P =0.03)。有NSSI组的焦虑、抑郁及自杀意念得分均显著高于无NSSI组(P < 0.001)。结论：大学生NSSI发生率较高，且与性别及负性情绪、自杀意念密切相关。高校应重视对NSSI行为的筛查，并对有NSSI行为的学生提供针对性的情绪调节与心理支持。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior among college students in Ningxia and analyze its relationship with anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation. Methods: A convenience cluster sampling method was employed to select a total of 2,380 students from a medical university in Ningxia as the survey subjects. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-designed questionnaire on non-suicidal self-injury behavior, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, the Self-Rating Depression Scale, and the Suicidal Ideation Self-Rating Scale. Results: The prevalence rate of NSSI in this study was 39.5%. The proportion of females in the group with NSSI was significantly higher than that in the group without NSSI (P = 0.03). The scores for anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation in the group with NSSI were significantly higher than those in the group without NSSI (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of NSSI among college students is relatively high and is closely associated with gender, negative emotions, and suicidal ideation. Colleges and universities should prioritize screening for NSSI behavior and provide targeted emotional regulation and psychological support to students who engage in NSSI.