创造力研究的新进展

New Advances in Creativity Research

摘要: 创造力被视为推动技术革新、社会演进与文化变迁的关键心理特质，长期吸引心理学、教育学、管理学及神经科学等多学科的目光。本文循理论演进、方法革新与实践应用三条主线，梳理了国内外相关研究的脉络。文献显示，该领域大致走过心理学奠基、跨学科拓展、神经影像与人工智能融合三大阶段：早期聚焦个体能力测评，随后延伸至认知机制、动机变量、社会环境与文化背景等多维影响；进入21世纪，神经影像、人工智能技术及跨文化研究进一步拓宽创造力研究的视野。教育作为培养创新人才的主阵地，是创造力研究成果转化的关键领域，教育领域的创造力取得很大的进展。然而，创造力的定义仍无共识，生成机制高度复杂，技术应用的伦理审查与跨文化成果整合亦存难题。未来需强化理论整合，创新技术路径，开展跨文化验证，以深化对创造力生成机制的理解，为教育改革、组织创新与社会发展提供支撑。

Abstract: Creativity is widely regarded as a pivotal psychological trait that drives technological innovation, social evolution, and cultural transformation, attracting long-standing interdisciplinary interest from fields such as psychology, education, management, and neuroscience. Following three main threads—theoretical evolution, methodological innovation, and practical application—this paper reviews the development of relevant research both domestically and internationally. Literature indicates that the field has generally progressed through three major stages: the foundation in psychology, interdisciplinary expansion, and the integration of neuroimaging and artificial intelligence. Early studies focused on the assessment of individual capabilities, later extending to multidimensional influences such as cognitive mechanisms, motivational variables, social environments, and cultural contexts. Since the 21st century, advances in neuroimaging, artificial intelligence, and cross-cultural collaboration have further broadened the research scope. Education, as the main front for cultivating innovative talents, serves as a key domain for the transformation of creativity research achievements, and significant progress has been made in creativity within the educational field. However, challenges remain, including the lack of a consensus definition of creativity, the highly complex nature of its generative mechanisms, ethical considerations in technological applications, and the integration of cross-cultural findings. Future research should strengthen theoretical integration, innovate technological approaches, and conduct cross-cultural validation to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms underlying creativity and provide support for educational reform, organizational innovation, and social development.