公共卫生与预防医学专业在校生就业选择及影响因素分析

Analysis of Employment Choices and Influencing Factors of Students Majoring in Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘要: 目的：分析公共卫生专业在校生职业预期，为人才培养优化提供依据。方法：对湖北某高校187名相关专业在校生进行问卷调查，采用SPSS 26.0进行统计分析和卡方检验。结果：Logistic回归分析揭示个人因素(专业核心能力掌握度)、家庭因素(父母受教育程度及家庭支持度)、社会因素(生源地经济水平、行业就业形势认知)与就业选择存在显著关联(p < 0.05)。结论：建议构建“课程–实践”联动培养体系，强化应急管理等实务能力培养，建立岗位胜任力动态评估体系，提升公共卫生人才与行业需求的适配性。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the career expectations of students in public health programs to provide a basis for optimizing talent development. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 187 students from related majors at a university in Hubei, using SPSS 26.0 for statistical analysis and chi-square tests. Results: The logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between personal factors (such as mastery of core professional skills), family factors (such as parents’ education levels and family support), and social factors (such as economic conditions of the student’s home region and industry employment trends) and employment choices (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It is recommended to establish a “course-practice” integrated training system, enhance practical skills such as emergency management, and develop a dynamic job competency evaluation system to improve the alignment between public health professionals and industry needs.