大亚湾北部附近海域海洋沉积物中汞砷的变化分析

Analysis of the Variations of Mercury and Arsenic in Marine Sediments in the Vicinity of the Northern Daya Bay

摘要: 本文对2022年度大亚湾北部附近海域春秋两季沉积物中的汞(Hg)、砷(As)进行分析，并采用地质积累指数和潜在风险指数进行评价。结果显示，春秋两季Hg含量分别为0.045~0.071 mg/kg、0.043~0.050 mg/kg，均值分别为：0.061 mg/kg、0.047 mg/kg；春秋两季As含量分别为：5.359~8.388 mg/kg、4.550~9.693 mg/kg，均值分别为：6.879 mg/kg、6.679 mg/kg。结果表明Hg和As两种重金属的含量均符合海洋沉积物质量第一类标准，地质积累指数呈现出海洋中的Hg和As元素属于安全清洁的状态。但潜在风险指数评价中显示出Hg存在极高的潜在生态风险，而As的潜在风险则较轻微。与杨文超对大亚湾沉积物Hg、As近10年的研究分布情况相似，As含量没有明显变化；Hg含量逐渐升高，且存在极高的潜在风险，污染程度缓慢上升，需要持续关注Hg的变化趋势。

Abstract: This article analyzes the mercury and arsenic in the spring and autumn sediments of near the northern part of Daya Bay Petrochemical Zone in 2022, and evaluates them using geological accumulation index and potential risk index. The results showed that the mercury content in the spring and autumn seasons was 0.045~0.071 mg/kg, 0.043~0.050 mg/kg, with an average of 0.061 mg/kg and 0.047 mg/kg, respectively; The content of arsenic in spring and autumn is 5.359~8.388 mg/kg, 4.550~9.693 mg/kg, with an average of 6.879 mg/kg and 6.679 mg/kg, respectively. The results showed that the contents of mercury and arsenic were in line with the first-class Marine sediment quality standard, and their geological accumulation index shows that the mercury and arsenic elements in the ocean belong to a safe and clean state. However, the evaluation of the potential risk index shows that mercury has very high potential ecological risk, while the potential risk of arsenic is relatively mild. Similar to Yang Wenchao’s research on the distribution of mercury and arsenic in the sediment of Daya Bay in the past 10 years, there has been no significant change in the content of arsenic; The content of mercury gradually increased, and there is still a great potential risk of mercury. The degree of pollution is still slowly increasing, and continued attention needs to be paid to the changing trend of mercury.