维持性血液透析患者皮肤瘙痒症发生情况及其危险因素分析

Analysis of the Occurrence and Risk Factors of Skin Pruritus in Patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis

摘要: 目的：分析维持性血液透析(MHD)患者皮肤瘙痒症发生情况及其危险因素。方法：研究对象选自我院于2019年8月~2021年10月收治的197例MHD患者，并对其临床资料进行回顾性分析，将出现皮肤瘙痒症的患者纳入A组，其余纳入B组。统计197例MHD患者发生皮肤瘙痒症的情况，比较两组临床资料，危险因素予以多因素Logistic回归分析法分析。结果：MHD患者皮肤瘙痒症发生率为34.52%。透析时间长(OR = 1.430)、皮肤干燥(OR = 4.850)、血磷(OR = 3.751)、血镁水平高(OR = 5.186)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分高(OR = 1.449)、严重抑郁(OR = 2.132)是MHD患者发生皮肤瘙痒症的独立危险因素(P < 0.05)。结论：MHD患者出现皮肤瘙痒症的发生率较高，且其危险因素有透析时间长、皮肤干燥、血磷、血镁水平高、PSQI评分高、严重抑郁等。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the occurrence and risk factors of skin pruritus in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Method: The research subjects were selected from 197 MHD patients admitted to our hospital from August 2019 to October 2021, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with pruritus were included in group A, and the rest were included in group B. Statistical analysis was conducted on the occurrence of pruritus in 197 patients with MHD, and clinical data were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors. Result: The incidence of pruritus in MHD patients is 34.52%. Long dialysis time (OR = 1.430), dry skin (OR = 4.850), blood phosphorus (OR = 3.751), high blood magnesium levels (OR = 5.186), high Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score (OR = 1.449), and severe depression (OR = 2.132) were independent risk factors for skin itching in MHD patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of skin pruritus in MHD patients is high, and its risk factors include long time of dialysis, dry skin, high level of blood phosphorus and blood magnesium, high score of PSQI, and severe depression.