倾斜煤层开采底板破坏特征演化分析

Analysis of the Evolution of Floor Failure Characteristics in Inclined Coal Seam Mining

摘要: 针对倾斜煤层开采过程中底板破坏特征及演化规律，本文以羊东矿8469工作面为工程背景，结合理论分析与FLAC3D数值模拟方法，系统研究了采动应力场作用下底板破坏深度的动态演化特征。研究结果表明：倾斜煤层开采后支承压力呈“马鞍形”非对称分布，底板因应力分解形成滑移破坏带，理论公式计算最大破坏深度为29.2 m；数值模拟显示，随工作面推进至255 m时，底板破坏深度稳定于28.75 m，塑性区形态呈“勺型”，以拉张破坏为主，两侧因应力集中发生剪切破坏。研究揭示了煤层倾角与埋深对底板破坏的耦合影响规律，为深部倾斜煤层安全开采及防治水工程设计提供了理论依据。

Abstract: This paper focuses on the floor failure characteristics and evolution laws during the mining of inclined coal seams. Taking the 8469 working face of Yangdong Mine as the engineering background, theoretical analysis and FLAC3D numerical simulation methods are combined to systematically study the dynamic evolution characteristics of floor failure depth under the action of mining-induced stress field. The research results show that after the mining of inclined coal seams, the supporting pressure presents a “saddle-shaped” asymmetric distribution. A slip failure zone is formed in the floor due to stress decomposition, and the maximum failure depth calculated by the theoretical formula is 29.2 m. The numerical simulation results show that when the working face advances to 255 m, the floor failure depth stabilizes at 28.75 m. The plastic zone presents a “spoon-shaped” morphology, with tensile failure as the main form, and shear failure occurs on both sides due to stress concentration. The study reveals the coupling influence law of coal seam dip angle and burial depth on floor failure, which provides a theoretical basis for the safe mining of deep inclined coal seams and the design of water control engineering.