基于三阶递进、项目引领模式的机械制图课程教学改革研究

Research on the Reform of Mechanical Drawing Teaching Based on the Three-Level Progressive and Project-Led Model

摘要: 机械制图是工科各专业的一门基础课程，是后续专业课程学习的基础。针对机械制图课程中学生空间思维能力构建缓慢、复杂工程图样解析能力不足等核心问题，本研究构建了“感性到理性再到创造性”的三阶递进式空间思维训练体系，并推行“项目引领、案例支撑”的沉浸式图样解析教学法。通过教学实践，学生的空间想象力、装配图绘制能力、综合创新能力和工程素养显著提升，课程教学质量也得到了明显的改善。

Abstract: Mechanical drawing is a fundamental course for all engineering majors and serves as the foundation for subsequent professional courses. To address the core issues of students’ slow development of spatial thinking skills and insufficient ability to analyze complex engineering drawings in the Mechanical Drawing course, this study developed a three-stage progressive spatial thinking training system moving from “perceptual understanding to rational comprehension, and finally to creative output”. Furthermore, an immersive drawing analysis teaching method guided by “project leadership and case support” was implemented. Teaching practice demonstrates that this approach has significantly enhanced students’ spatial imagination, assembly drawing proficiency, and comprehensive innovation capabilities, leading to a qualitative leap in course teaching quality.