血检指标与肺癌骨转移相关性及进展

Correlation and Progression of Blood Test Indicators with Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis

摘要: 肺癌骨转移及其存在的骨相关事件会降低患者生活质量，影响预后，目前骨转移诊断主要依赖影像学及骨髓活检，但存在成本高、依从性差等限制，近年来，血液生物标志物因其便捷、可动态监测、易获取等优势被广泛使用，但存在特异性欠佳等问题，因此综合评估并制定临床个体化治疗和优化至关重要。本文系统阐述了肺癌骨转移的相关机制，总结了与骨转移相关血液生物标志物包括炎症相关指标(如中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率、系统性免疫炎症指数)、肿瘤标志物(CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE)、血细胞参数(RDW、PLT)等，并分析其目前预测和诊断肺癌骨转移的潜力及背后机制，期许未来研究方向聚焦于构建多指标联合预测模型，推动血液生物标志物在肺癌骨转移早期筛查、预后评估及个体化治疗中的临床应用。

Abstract: Lung cancer bone metastasis and the accompanying skeletal-related events can reduce patients’ quality of life and affect prognosis. At present, the diagnosis of bone metastasis mainly relies on imaging and bone marrow biopsy, but these methods have limitations such as high cost and poor adherence. In recent years, blood-based biomarkers have been widely used due to their convenience, dynamic monitorability, and easy accessibility, but they often suffer from limited specificity. Therefore, comprehensive assessment and development of individualized clinical treatment and optimization are crucial. This article systematically explains the mechanisms related to lung cancer bone metastasis, and summarizes bone metastasis–related circulating biomarkers including inflammation-related indices (e.g., neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic inflammatory index), tumor markers (CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE), blood cell parameters (RDW, PLT), etc., and analyzes their current potential for predicting and diagnosing lung cancer bone metastasis and the underlying mechanisms. Future research directions are expected to focus on constructing multi-parameter combined predictive models to promote the clinical application of blood-based biomarkers in early screening, prognostic assessment, and individualized therapy for lung cancer bone metastasis.