数字经济背景下乡村电商就业的包容性增长机制

The Mechanism of Inclusive Growth in Rural E-Commerce Employment under the Digital Economy

摘要: 乡村电商就业的快速增长有悖于其包容性和持续性的要求，基础设施、人力资本和制度保障等结构因素的瓶颈制约，阻碍了其普惠性和持久性，对乡村电商就业增长的包容性起着抑制作用。正确认识其作用机理与风险，有利于维护高质量的包容性增长。本研究采用“机会–能力–收益”三维分析框架，系统阐述了乡村电商就业对增长包容性的具体作用逻辑，揭示了抑制乡村电商就业增长包容性的主要障碍。实证分析表明，获得性机会创造、能力提升和收益共享三大增长包容性机制，对于实现乡村电商就业包容性增长具有重要作用，未来需要构建政府主导、多方协同的治理生态。

Abstract: The rapid growth of rural e-commerce employment undermines its inclusiveness and sustainability. Bottlenecks in infrastructure, human capital, and institutional safeguards restrict accessibility and durability, suppressing inclusive employment growth. Understanding these mechanisms and risks is vital for high-quality inclusive growth. This study uses an “opportunity-ability-benefit” framework to outline how rural e-commerce employment affects growth inclusiveness and identify key barriers. Empirical analysis confirms that opportunity creation, capability enhancement, and benefit sharing are essential for inclusive rural e-commerce employment growth. Future efforts should build a government-led, multi-stakeholder governance ecosystem.