新时期高技能人才素质能力结构和培养实践路径

Quality and Competency Structure of High-Skilled Talents in the New Era and Their Cultivation Practices and Pathways

摘要: 随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革的深入发展，我国经济正迈向高质量发展阶段，对高技能人才的需求日益迫切。本文立足于新时期国家战略需求，探讨高技能人才应具备的素质能力结构，并结合一线职业教育工作者的实践经验，系统梳理其培养路径。本文提出新时期高技能人才的素质能力结构是一个“一体三翼”的复合模型：“一体”指扎实的专业知识与精湛的技术技能；“三翼”分别指驱动发展的实践创新能力、适应未来的复合型素养以及保障方向的职业道德修养。为有效培育此类人才，本文提出四条核心实践路径：一是深化产教融合与校企合作，构建协同育人新生态；二是推进科教融汇，将前沿科研成果转化为教学资源；三是创新人才培养模式，推广中国特色现代学徒制；四是强化“以赛促学”，通过技能竞赛驱动实战能力提升。本文以信息安全领域高技能人才培养为例，剖析了将理论研究、项目驱动、课程建设与竞赛指导相结合的闭环培养体系，为我国高技能人才队伍建设提供参考。

Abstract: With the deepening development of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, China’s economy is advancing toward high-quality development, creating an increasingly urgent demand for high-skilled talents. Grounded in the national strategic demands of the new era, this study explores the quality and competency structure essential for high-skilled talents. Drawing on practical experiences from frontline vocational educators, it systematically outlines cultivation pathways. The proposed “One Core, Three Wings” composite model defines high-skilled talents’ competencies: “One Core”: Solid professional knowledge and exquisite technical skills; “Three Wings”: 1. Practical innovation capabilities driving development; 2. Future-adaptive interdisciplinary literacy; 3. Ethical integrity ensuring directional alignment. To effectively cultivate such talents, four core strategies are proposed: 1. Deepening industry-education integration and school-enterprise collaboration to build a synergistic talent ecosystem; 2. Advancing science-education convergence by translating cutting-edge research into teaching resources; 3. Innovating talent development models through the promotion of China-specific modern apprenticeship systems; 4. Strengthening “competition-driven learning” to enhance practical competencies via skill competitions. Illustrated with a case study on information security talent cultivation, the paper analyzes a closed-loop training system integrating theoretical research, project-based learning, curriculum design, and competition guidance, offering actionable insights for China’s high-skilled workforce development.