县域物流“最后一公里”的减碳实践：直播电商拼单配送与冷链资源错峰共享

Carbon Reduction Practices in the “Last Mile” of County-Level Logistics: Group Order Distribution in Live-Streaming E-Commerce and Off-Peak Sharing of Cold Chain Resources

摘要: 为探索县域物流“最后一公里”减碳路径，本文聚焦直播电商拼单配送与冷链资源错峰共享两种创新模式，系统分析其减碳机制、协同效应及实施挑战。研究表明，县域物流“最后一公里”因配送点分散、需求多样及冷链资源利用不均，存在高碳排放问题，主要源于运输燃油消耗、仓储能耗及包装废弃物。直播电商拼单配送通过集中订单、提高车辆装载率及优化路线，减少车辆出行次数与行驶里程，显著降低碳排放；冷链资源错峰共享依托资源整合平台与企业协作，提升冷库、冷藏车辆等设施利用率，减少设备空转与运输能耗，实现低碳运营。二者在物流资源、配送网络上存在互补性，借助信息技术可构建协同减碳模式，通过订单分类整合、资源智能调度及多主体协同决策，进一步放大减碳与降本效应。本研究为县域物流低碳发展提供理论支撑与实践指导，未来可深化新能源技术应用、跨区域模式优化及政策效果评估研究。

Abstract: To explore the carbon reduction path for the “last mile” of county-level logistics, this paper focuses on two innovative models: live-streaming e-commerce group ordering and distribution, and off-peak sharing of cold chain resources, and systematically analyzes their carbon reduction mechanisms, synergistic effects and implementation challenges. Research shows that the “last mile” of county-level logistics faces high carbon emissions due to scattered distribution points, diverse demands and uneven utilization of cold chain resources, mainly derived from fuel consumption in transportation, energy consumption in warehousing and packaging waste. Live-streaming e-commerce group ordering and distribution significantly reduces carbon emissions by centralizing orders, improving vehicle loading rates and optimizing routes, thereby reducing the number of vehicle trips and driving mileage. The off-peak sharing of cold chain resources relies on resource integration platforms and enterprise collaboration to improve the utilization rate of facilities such as cold storage and refrigerated vehicles, reduce idle equipment time and transportation energy consumption, and realize low-carbon operation. These two models have complementarities in logistics resources and distribution networks. With the help of information technology, a collaborative carbon reduction model can be constructed. Through order classification and integration, intelligent resource scheduling and multi-subject collaborative decision-making, the effects of carbon reduction and cost reduction are further amplified. This study provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the low-carbon development of county-level logistics. In the future, research can be deepened in the application of new energy technologies, cross-regional model optimization and policy effect evaluation.