基于行为改变阶段理论的早产儿母乳喂养方案研究及应用
Research and Application of Breastfeeding Program for Premature Infants Based on the Behavioral Change Stages Theory
DOI: 10.12677/ns.2026.151001, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 卢昌霞：甘肃中医药大学附属医院治未病中心，甘肃 兰州；葸英博：甘肃中医药大学附属医院护理部，甘肃 兰州
关键词: 行为改变阶段理论；早产儿；母乳喂养；护理干预；自我效能感；Behavior Change Stages Theory； Premature Infants； Breastfeeding； Nursing Intervention； Self-Efficacy
摘要: 目的：基于行为改变阶段理论构建早产儿母乳喂养护理干预方案，并在临床实施，观察其应用效果。方法：基于行为改变阶段理论，通过文献分析、半结构式访谈、德尔菲专家函询构建早产儿母乳喂养护理干预方案。选取2023年8月~2024年12月在甘肃中医药大学附属医院儿科住院的早产儿母亲60名，随机分为对照组及干预组各30例，对照组采用常规母乳喂养干预方案，干预组采用制定的基于行为改变阶段理论构建的早产儿母乳喂养护理干预方案，产后42天，比较两组早产儿母亲的母乳喂养自我效能感、纯母乳喂养率，产后10个月，通过随访记录两组早产儿母亲喂养持续时间。结果：产后42天，干预组早产儿母亲自我效能感明显优于对照组母亲，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；干预组早产儿母亲纯母乳喂养率高于对照组母亲；干预组患者母乳喂养持续时间(286.37 ± 37.64) d，远高于对照组患者(108.42 ± 26.33) d，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：基于行为改变阶段理论构建早产儿母乳喂养护理干预方案能可有效提升早产儿母乳喂养率及母亲喂养信心，为临床护理提供科学依据。
Abstract: Objective: To construct a nursing intervention program for breastfeeding in premature infants based on the theory of stages of behavior change and implement it clinically, observing its application effect. Methods: Based on the theory of stages of behavior change, a nursing intervention program for breastfeeding in premature infants was constructed through literature analysis, semi-structured interviews, and Delphi expert consultation. Sixty mothers of premature infants admitted to the pediatric department of the Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine from August 2023 to December 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group, with 30 cases in each group. The control group received a conventional breastfeeding intervention program, while the intervention group received the constructed nursing intervention program for breastfeeding in premature infants based on the theory of stages of behavior change. At 42 days postpartum, the breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding rate of the mothers in both groups were compared. At 10 months postpartum, the duration of breastfeeding for the mothers in both groups was recorded through follow-up visits. Results: At 42 days postpartum, the self-efficacy of mothers in the intervention group was significantly better than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05); the exclusive breastfeeding rate of mothers in the intervention group was higher than that of the control group; the duration of breastfeeding for patients in the intervention group (286.37 ± 37.64) days was much longer than that of patients in the control group (108.42 ± 26.33) days, with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.05). Conclusion: Constructing a nursing intervention program for breastfeeding in premature infants based on the theory of stages of behavior change can effectively improve the breastfeeding rate of premature infants and enhance mothers’ confidence in breastfeeding, providing a scientific basis for clinical nursing.
文章引用：卢昌霞, 葸英博. 基于行为改变阶段理论的早产儿母乳喂养方案研究及应用[J]. 护理学, 2026, 15(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.12677/ns.2026.151001

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