穴位贴敷治疗肠易激综合征研究进展

Research Progress on Acupoint Application Therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome

摘要: 肠易激综合征(IBS)作为一种常见的功能性肠病，其临床症状迁延、易反复发作，常规药物治疗存在疗效不稳定或副作用等问题，因此其防治是现代医学面临的挑战之一。穴位贴敷作为一种传统中医外治法，因其操作简便、安全有效而在IBS的治疗中展现出独特优势。本文系统梳理了穴位贴敷治疗IBS的理论基础与作用机制，指出该疗法通过刺激特定穴位与透皮吸收药物的协同作用，实现对胃肠道功能、内脏敏感性、肠道菌群及低度炎症的多靶点调节，从而治疗IBS。本文对近10年中药穴位贴敷单用或联合其他疗法(如中药、针刺、西药等)在IBS临床中的应用进展进行概括，系统评价其疗效与特点，以期为该疗法的临床推广与标准化应用提供参考，并为未来研究方向提供思路。

Abstract: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a common functional bowel disorder, presents with protracted clinical symptoms and a tendency toward recurrent episodes. Conventional drug therapies often exhibit inconsistent efficacy or side effects, making its prevention and treatment one of the challenges facing modern medicine. As a traditional Chinese external treatment method, acupoint plaster application demonstrates unique advantages in IBS management due to its simplicity, safety, and effectiveness. This paper systematically reviews the theoretical basis and mechanisms of acupoint plaster therapy for IBS. It demonstrates that this approach achieves multi-target regulation of gastrointestinal function, visceral sensitivity, gut microbiota, and low-grade inflammation through the synergistic effects of stimulating specific acupoints and transdermal drug absorption, thereby treating IBS. This paper summarizes the clinical application progress of acupoint plaster therapy—either as monotherapy or combined with other treatments (such as Chinese herbal medicine, acupuncture, or Western medicine)—in IBS over the past decade. It systematically evaluates its efficacy and characteristics, aiming to provide references for the clinical promotion and standardized application of this therapy while suggesting future research directions.