文化社会学视域下高校学生“拔尖”“竞次”学业表现的生成机制探究

An Exploration of the Generation Mechanism of the Academic Performance of “Race to the Bottom” among “Top-Notch” Students in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Cultural Sociology

摘要: 从国家长期发展战略来看，培养拔尖创新人才已成为当前人才培养改革的重要目标。但在实践中“拔尖”人才存在以追求目标达成而牺牲自我创新能力的“竞次”学业行为，其与“创新人才”二者实质上分属两个不同的内在逻辑。作为一种分析视角，文化社会学强调关注“竞次”学业表现背后的文化因素，其面临着价值冲突、制度规制、家庭文化机制和思维惯习定势的文化困境。学生的学业表现与其学业成功和国家人才培养成就紧密相连，有限的教育资源催生了高校学生陷入“效率至上”与“创新发展”的张力漩涡，这一矛盾并在加速发展的社会竞争中演变成恶性循环。基于此，本研究从文化社会学视角出发对高校学生拔尖“竞次”学业表现的生成机制进行探赜，旨在为培养创新型高校人才提供可参考建议。

Abstract: From the perspective of the country’s long-term development strategy, cultivating top-notch innovative talents has become an important goal of current talent cultivation reform. However, in practice, “top-notch” talents exhibit a “race to the bottom” academic behavior of sacrificing their own innovation ability in pursuit of their goals, which essentially belongs to two different internal logics from “innovative talents”. As an analytical perspective, cultural sociology emphasizes the focus on the cultural factors behind “race to the bottom” academic performance, which faces cultural dilemmas such as value conflicts, institutional regulations, family cultural mechanisms, and habitual thinking. The academic performance of students is closely linked to their academic success and national talent cultivation achievements. Limited educational resources have given rise to a tension vortex between “efficiency first” and “innovative development” among college students, which has evolved into a vicious cycle within the framework of neoliberalism. Based on this, this study explores the generation mechanism of “race to the bottom” academic performance among college students from the perspective of cultural sociology, aiming to provide reference suggestions for cultivating innovative college talents.