对拉扎拉托“非物质劳动”概念探析

An Analysis of Lazaratto’s Concept of “Immaterial Labor”

摘要: 拉扎拉托着眼于20世纪70年代资本主义社会的新变化以及后工业时代由于信息技术的发展所导致的新型劳动形式的出现，创立了“非物质劳动”这一新概念，打造了批判资产阶级的新范式。拉扎拉托的思想虽是建立在马克思基础上的，但与马克思保持一定距离，导致他塑造的理论的核心范畴模糊不清、对主体性概念的解释缺乏深度及未能系统揭示当代资本主义生产关系中劳动权益的系统性消解机制。因此，要用批判的眼光看待非物质劳动这一概念，加以借鉴反思，进而重申马克思主义政治经济学批判的当代适用性。

Abstract: Lazzarato focused on the new transformations in capitalist society during the 1970s and the emergence of novel forms of labor in the post-industrial era driven by the development of information technology. He established the new concept of “immaterial labor,” forging a new paradigm for critiquing the bourgeoisie. Although Lazaratto’s ideas are grounded in Marxism, they maintain a certain distance from Marx. This results in the core categories of his theory being unclear, his interpretation of the concept of subjectivity lacking depth, and his failure to systematically reveal the mechanisms for the systematic dissolution of labor rights within contemporary capitalist production relations. Therefore, the concept of immaterial labor must be viewed critically, drawing on it for reflection, and thereby reaffirming the contemporary relevance of Marxist political economy’s critical approach.