新形势下高等教育拔尖创新人才培养的有效途径

Exploring Effective Approaches to Cultivation for Top-Notch Innovative Talents in Higher Education in the New Era

摘要: 构建高等教育、科技创新、人才培养协同发展的新型育人模式是新时代我国全面提升综合国力的基础性支撑。拔尖创新人才培养是在新形势下我国建设教育强国，推动高等教育高质量发展的战略使命。近年来在国家有关政策引领下，我国高等教育对拔尖创新人才培养模式进行了多种探索，先后实施了“珠峰计划”、“强基计划”为代表的本科人才培养改革项目，为深化高素质拔尖创新人才培养改革积累了宝贵经验。然而，在推进拔尖创新人才培养探索过程中也出现了人才培养理念滞后、培养体系不合理、优质师资投入力度有限、学生自身素质下降、资源保障不足等问题。针对这些限制因素，结合拔尖创新人才应具有的典型特质，分析借鉴国内外高水平大学培育拔尖创新人才的做法与管理经验，提出了构建新形势下拔尖创新人才培养的有效路径，为我国高等教育教学改革和优质人才输出提供新的思路。

Abstract: Developing a new educational model that integrates higher education, scientific innovation and talent cultivation is a foundational support for enhancing overall national strength in the new era of China. The cultivation of top-notch innovative talents is a crucial strategic requirement for building a strong educational country and promoting the high-quality development goal of higher education in the new era. In recent years, under the guidance of relevant national policies, colleges and universities have carried out various attempts on the cultivation mode of top-notch innovative talents, successively implemented undergraduate talent cultivation reform projects represented by the “ZHUFENG Plan” and the “QIANGJI Plan”, and accumulated valuable experience for deepening the reform of cultivation for high-quality top-notch innovative talents. However, in the process of promoting the exploration of cultivation for top-notch innovative talents, there have emerged problems such as the lagging talent cultivation concepts, unreasonable cultivation systems, limited investment in high-quality faculty, declined student quality and insufficient resources support. Considering these limiting factors, after analyzing the practices and management experiences of prestigious universities both domestically and internationally, and in combination with the typical characteristics of top-notch innovative talents, we put forward effective approaches for cultivating top-notch innovative talents in the new era, aimed to provide new perspectives for the reform of higher education and output of high-quality talents.