基于茴香醚酰基化的项目制补充性综合实验

A Supplementary Project-Based Integrated Experiment Centered on Anisole Acylation

摘要: 针对本科有机化学实验“碎片化、验证化”的普遍现象，本文设计了一个补充性项目制综合实验：以“茴香醚的傅–克酰基化与邻/对位位置异构体分离与表征”为载体，在两次课时(12学时)内完成“文献检索–方案预案–反应实施-TLC条件筛选–小柱分离–旋蒸回收–谱学判定–结果汇报”的证据链闭环。教学组织遵循“自主性先行，课堂标准路线兜底”，并构建“三维安全控制 + 课程思政嵌入”的一体化框架。该项目预期能有效把分散操作组织成可验证、可重复的操作序列，有望促进学生在概念、技能与过程、证据三个维度协同提升，并自然生成科研诚信、绿色责任与协作担当等价值取向。文末给出量化评分表与“证据包”要件，便于复用与推广。

Abstract: Addressing the common issues of fragmentation and mere verification in undergraduate organic chemistry laboratories, this paper designs a supplementary, project-based integrated experiment that uses the Friedel-Crafts acylation of anisole and the separation/characterization of its ortho/para positional isomers as the instructional vehicle. Within two sessions (12 class hours), students complete a closed loop of the evidence chain—from literature search and pre-planning, through reaction execution, TLC condition screening, flash column chromatography, rotary evaporation/solvent recovery, to spectroscopic identification and results reporting. The instructional organization follows the principle of student autonomy first, with standardized in-class routes as a safety net, and builds an integrated framework combining three-dimensional safety control with curriculum-integrated ideological and political education (IPE). The project effectively reorganizes scattered operations into verifiable and reproducible procedure sequences, promoting coordinated improvement across three domains—concepts, skills and processes, and evidence—while naturally cultivating values such as research integrity, green responsibility, and collaborative accountability. A quantitative scoring rubric and the required components of an “evidence package” are provided to facilitate reuse and wider adoption.