产教融合背景下高职院校智能制造实训基地建设的路径研究

Research on the Construction Path of Intelligent Manufacturing Training Bases in Higher Vocational Colleges under the Background of Industry-Education Integration

摘要: 伴随着工业互联网、人工智能、数字孪生等新型智能制造技术的高速发展，对于技能型人才能力结构也有了新的更高的要求。高职院校是培养技术技能型人才的主阵地，在这样的背景下急需打造一些符合这些智能制造技术发展的高水平的智能制造实训基地，为学生提供进行工程实践活动的机会，并使学生得到良好的工程实践能力与综合职业素养锻炼。可是大部分高职院校实训基地存在着校企合作深度不够、校企资源分配不合理、课程设置滞后于产业发展等情况。基于此，基于产教融合基本内涵及国家层面出台的相关政策，分析当下国家政策导向及发展方向，结合典型的高职院校的具体案例，提炼出当前实训基地的建设模式和现存困难。我们应建立健全校企共建共管共享的协同模式，推进课程体系与智能制造生产实践相融合，并充分发挥产业协会和企业作为引导主体的作用；完善政府政策的支持和资金保障机制；建立科学合理的绩效评价与动态反馈体系。

Abstract: Due to the increasingly rapid growth and establishment of innovative smart manufacturing technologies such as industrial internet, artificial intelligence and digital twin technology, more profound skills will be needed of our technical and skilled workers. As the key training organizations of the technical and skilled staff in China, higher vocational institutions should take the lead in enhancing the engineering practicum ability and overall professional competence of students through founding high-level smart manufacturing training bases. However, at present, problems like shallow cooperation between schools and enterprises, unreasonable resource allocation and delayed industrial demand by courses still exist in most existing training bases. Therefore, starting from the basic meanings of integrating industry and education, based on analyzing the orientation and direction of the country’s industrial policies, and learning and exploring many valuable experiences accumulated in renowned higher vocational colleges and scientific research institutes, this paper systematically evaluates training base construction cases in related industries, comprehensively summarizes the types of existing common training bases and practical bottlenecks in the process of establishment. Firstly, it puts forward the construction of joint-school enterprise developmental, managerial, and resource-sharing collaborative mechanisms; emphasizing that the school-course combination system must be linked to smart manufacturing production, with effective guidance provided by both the industry association and the enterprises, so as to improve students’ technical ability; strengthening government support in line with the laws and regulations, formulating reasonable funding mechanism, developing sound performance evaluation system and dynamic feedback system in accordance with the actual needs, so as to realize sustainability of training bases and the enhancement of the results of cultivation in all respects.