民间文学艺术作品出版中的合理注意义务研究

Research on the Reasonable Duty of Care in the Publication of Works of Folk Literature and Art

摘要: 在著作权法中，囿于民间文学艺术作品不同于其他作品的特殊性，出版这类作品隐含着著作权侵权的风险。合理注意义务作为出版者有效规避这种风险的重要方式，在实践中却面临着举证困境和实质性相似审查困境。本文认为可从三方面着手完善出版者履行合理注意义务的具体实践：首先，按构成尽到该义务的四要件，提前做好证据备案；其次，弱化该义务中的内容审查难点，聚焦在作品的独创性上；最后，树立作品类型化意识，根据不同类型作品的特点及其常见侵权形式，有针对性地规避著作权侵权风险，以避免出版损失。

Abstract: In copyright law, due to the particularity of works of folk literature and art which is different from other works, publishing such works implies the risk of copyright infringement. The reasonable duty of care, as an important way for publishers to effectively avoid this risk, is facing the difficulties of proof and substantial similarity review in practice. This paper believes that the specific practice of publishers fulfilling the reasonable duty of care can be improved from three aspects: First, make evidence filing in advance according to the four elements constituting the fulfillment of this obligation; Second, weaken the difficulty of content review in this obligation and focus on the originality of the works; Third, establish the awareness of work typology, and avoid the risk of copyright infringement in a targeted manner according to the characteristics of different types of works and their common infringement forms, so as to avoid publishing losses.