检波器的假频检测方法研究

Research on False Frequency Detection Method of Detector

摘要: 和其它测振传感器不同，假频是地震检波器特有的性能指标，是指其横向共振频率。地震检波器在野外的实际情况下，会受到多方向的振动激励，有轴向的激励，也有横向的激励。对动圈电磁式地震检波器来说，由于其设计结构的缺陷，决定了不但轴向的激励会使其输出电信号，而且横向的激励也会使其输出电信号，它会混合在检波器的输出信号中。这些信号给地震勘探的数据分析带来了困难，严重影响勘探结果的准确性。近几年，人们提出了许多对检波器信号的处理方法，目的是从原始信号中除去由假频产生的分量。然而，研究出新型的无假频的检波器或者是假频更高的检波器才是解决假频对地震勘探影响的最好办法。对检波器假频的研究离不开对其检测方法的探求，目前采用最多的方法是振动检测法。本章针对现有的振动检测法存在的问题提出了一种检测假频的新方法，并且运用在实际的检波器假频检测中。

Abstract: Unlike other vibration sensors, false frequency is a unique performance indicator of seismic detectors, referring to their transverse resonant frequency. In actual field conditions, seismic detectors are subjected to multi-directional vibration excitation, including axial and transverse excitation. For moving-coil electromagnetic seismic detectors, due to design defects, not only axial excitation but also transverse excitation will cause them to output electrical signals, which will be mixed in the detector’s output signal. These signals bring difficulties to the data analysis of seismic exploration and seriously affect the accuracy of exploration results. In recent years, many methods for processing detector signals have been proposed, aiming to remove the components generated by false frequencies from the original signal. However, developing new false frequency-free detectors or detectors with even higher false frequencies is the best way to solve the impact of false frequencies on seismic exploration. Research on detector false frequencies is inseparable from the exploration of detection methods; currently, the most widely used method is vibration detection. This chapter proposes a novel method for detecting spurious frequencies, addressing the problems of existing vibration detection methods, and applies it to the practical detection of spurious frequencies in seismic detectors.