彝语南部方言纳苏话动词重叠的语法研究——基于峨山彝族自治县的田野调查

A Grammatical Study on Verb Reduplication in Nasu Dialect of Southern Yi Language—Based on a Survey in Eshan Yi Autonomous County

摘要: 该论文对彝语南部方言纳苏话(以峨山县为调查点)的动词重叠现象进行了系统研究。文章首先对纳苏话动词重叠的形式进行了分类描写，将其分为完全重叠(AA、AABB、ABAB)、部分重叠(AAB、ABA、ABAC、ACABCB)以及本文首次发现并重点提出的音长增加重叠(AːA、ABːAB)共三大类九种形式。随后，论文分析了这些重叠形式所承载的语法意义，包括表示动作行为的重复、持续、时量短/动量小，以及表示疑问。文章的核心论点之一是，纳苏话中单音节动词的AA式和AAB式重叠具有独特的疑问功能，这在藏缅语族彝语支的其他语言中较为少见。通过横向比较，论文突出了纳苏话在动词重叠用法上的独特性，为彝语语法研究提供了新的个案资料。

Abstract: This paper systematically investigates the verb reduplication phenomenon in the Nasu dialect of the Southern Yi language (with Eshan County as the survey site). The article first classifies and describes the forms of verb reduplication in Nasu, dividing them into three major categories with nine subtypes: complete reduplication (AA, AABB, ABAB), partial reduplication (AAB, ABA, ABAC, ACABCB), and the newly discovered and emphasized lengthened reduplication (AːA, ABːAB). Subsequently, the paper analyzes the grammatical meanings carried by these reduplication forms, including indicating repetition, continuation, short duration/small quantity of actions, as well as expressing interrogation. One of the core arguments is that the AA and AAB reduplication patterns of monosyllabic verbs in Nasu possess unique interrogative functions, which are relatively rare among other Yi branch languages in the Tibeto-Burman family. Through comparative analysis, the paper highlights the distinctive features of Nasu’s verb reduplication usage, providing new case materials for Yi language grammatical research.