森林火灾隔离带的规划——以寥廓山为例

Planning of Firebreaks in Forest Fires —Taking Liaokuo Mountain as an Example

摘要: 在全球气候变暖背景下，森林火灾威胁日益加剧。本研究以云南曲靖寥廓山为例，利用GIS技术整合土地利用、地形(坡度、坡向)、NDVI及历史火情数据，量化火灾风险空间分布，并提出隔离带优化方案。结合地震烈度分析发现，≥VIII度区域道路损毁率显著增加，需通过三维路径规划优化救援路线。研究表明，30米宽隔离带可有效阻断树冠火，沿断裂带外延1公里布局可提升抗震稳定性。该研究为高烈度地震区森林火灾防控提供了多灾种协同优化方法，未来需进一步整合实时监测数据以增强隔离带韧性。

Abstract: In the context of global warming, the threat of forest fires is increasing. In this study, we used GIS technology to integrate land use, topography (slope, aspect), NDVI and historical fire data to quantify the spatial distribution of fire risk and propose an optimization scheme for the isolation zone. Combined with the seismic intensity analysis, it is found that the road damage rate in the ≥VIII degree area is significantly increased, and the rescue route needs to be optimized through three-dimensional path planning. The results show that the 30-meter-wide isolation zone can block more than 70% of the crown fire, and the layout along the fault zone of 1 km can improve the seismic stability by 58%. This study provides a multi-hazard collaborative optimization method for forest fire prevention and control in high-intensity earthquake areas, and it is necessary to further integrate real-time monitoring data to enhance the resilience of the isolation zone in the future.