人工智能赋能史料实证素养的培养

Artificial Intelligence Empowers the Cultivation of Historical Materials and Empirical Literacy

摘要: 在人工智能迅速发展的大环境下，人工智能赋能中学历史教学已经是历史教学领域的大趋势。而史料实证是历史学科核心素养中的重要部分，是历史学科学习的核心方法。史料实证是学生对获取史料进行辨析，并运用可信的史料努力重现历史真实的态度与方法。在传统的历史教学模式下，学生可接触的史料来源多局限于教材或教师，且这些史料多呈现静态化，难以激发学生的学习兴趣。相较之下，人工智能技术不仅能够提供海量的史料以及智能检索功能，还能够进行图像生成、修复文物动画、还原历史场景，从而让史料变得可见、可听、可感。在人工智能赋能之下，历史教学能提供给学生更多深度辨析史料以及历史逻辑训练的机会。而人工智能在史料搜集、史料辨析、史料运用等不同历史教学环节中的运用，也能够对学生的史料实证素养产生不同的影响。本文旨在通过分析对人工智能赋能中学历史教学的过程中对学生史料实证素养的影响，探究通过人工智能赋能中学历史教学提升学生史料实证素养的可行途径。

Abstract: Under the environment of the rapid development of artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence empowering history teaching in middle schools has become a major trend in the field of history teaching. Historical materials and empirical literacy are an important part of the core literacy of history and the core method of history learning. The demonstration of historical materials is the attitude and method of students to discriminate the historical materials and use credible historical materials to reproduce the historical truth. Under the traditional history teaching mode, the sources of historical materials that students can access are mostly limited to textbooks or teachers, and these historical materials are mostly static, which makes it difficult to stimulate students’ interest in learning. In contrast, artificial intelligence technology can not only provide a large number of historical materials and intelligent retrieval functions, but also generate images, restore cultural relics animation, restore historical scenes, so that historical materials become visible, audible and sensible. With the help of artificial intelligence, history teaching can provide students with more opportunities to deeply analyze historical materials and train historical logic. The application of artificial intelligence in different historical teaching links, such as historical data collection, historical data discrimination and historical data application, can also have different effects on students’ historical data empirical literacy. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on students’ empirical literacy of historical materials in the process of history teaching in middle schools, and to explore the feasible ways to improve students’ empirical literacy of historical materials through artificial intelligence.