逆境经历对大学生心理韧性的影响：成长型思维和社会支持的链式中介作用

The Impact of Adversity Experiences on Resilience of College Students: The Chain Mediating Effect of Growth Mindset and Social Support

摘要: 目的：探讨逆境经历对大学生心理韧性的影响并考察成长型思维和社会支持在其中的作用机制，为心理韧性干预实践提供参考。方法：2025年2月~9月，采用随机抽样法选取江苏省苏州市1044名在校大学生作为研究对象，采用青少年生活事件量表、成长型思维量表、青少年社会支持评定量表、青少年心理韧性量表测量核心变量。使用Pearson积差相关分析探究逆境经历、成长型思维、社会支持与心理韧性之间的相关性，使用AMOS 24.0建构结构方程模型并进行中介效应分析。结果：逆境经历对大学生心理韧性的直接效应显著(β = −0.125, 95% CI: −0.147~−0.077)；成长型思维、社会支持在逆境经历与心理韧性间的中介效应均显著(β = −0.025, 95% CI: −0.039~−0.015; β = −0.090, 95% CI: −0.123~−0.061)；成长型思维和社会支持在逆境经历与心理韧性间的链式中介效应显著(β = −0.017, 95% CI: −0.027~−0.009)。结论：逆境经历既可以直接负向影响大学生的心理韧性，也可以通过成长型思维和社会支持的单独或链式中介作用间接影响。因此高校应重视成长型思维的培养和社会支持体系的建设。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the impact of adverse experiences on college students’ resilience, examine the mechanism of action of the growth mindset and social support in this process, and provide a reference for psychological resilience intervention practices. Methods: From February to September 2025, a total of 1044 college students in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, were selected as research subjects using random sampling. Core variables were measured using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, the Growth Mindset Scale, the Adolescent Social Support Rating Scale, and the Adolescent Resilience Scale. Pearson product-moment correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between adversity experience, growth mindset, social support, and psychological resilience. AMOS 24.0 was used to construct a structural equation model and perform mediation effect analysis. Results: The direct effect of adverse experiences on college students’ resilience was significant (β = −0.125, 95% CI: −0.147~−0.077). Both growth mindset and social support had significant mediating effects between adverse experiences and resilience (β = −0.025, 95% CI: −0.039~−0.015; β = −0.090, 95% CI: −0.123~−0.061). Additionally, the chain mediating effect of growth mindset and social support between adverse experiences and resilience was significant (β = −0.017, 95% CI: −0.027~−0.009). Conclusion: Adverse experiences can not only directly negatively affect college students’ resilience but also indirectly affect it through the individual or chain mediating roles of growth mindset and social support. Therefore, colleges and universities should attach importance to the cultivation of a growth mindset and the construction of social support systems.