商事登记公示效力研究

A Study on the Effect of Publicity in Commercial Registration

摘要: 商事登记公示机制是反映商事主体信用信息的重要制度，其核心功能在于通过公开经营信息来维护市场交易安全。我国《民法典》第六十五条规定了商事登记的法律效力，《市场主体登记管理条例》则对商事登记制度进行了统一规范。根据效力作用对象的不同，商事登记公示效力可分为公信力和对抗力两种类型。目前，我国商事公示制度在立法层面仍面临概念界定不明确、法律效果模糊等理论争议，同时在实践操作中也存在信息公开范围有限等问题。有必要运用法律解释学方法，通过系统性阐释和规范协调，建立多层次、差异化的公示体系，从而优化商事登记公示效力的制度架构。

Abstract: The publicity mechanism of commercial registration is an important system to reflect the credit information of commercial subjects. Its core function is to maintain the security of market transactions through the disclosure of business information. Article 65 of China’s “Civil Code” stipulates the legal effect of commercial registration, and the “Regulations on the Administration of Registration of Market Subjects” standardizes the commercial registration system. Based on the different objects of effect, the publicity effect of commercial registration can be divided into two types: public credibility and opposability. At present, China’s commercial publicity system still faces theoretical disputes such as unclear definition of concepts and vague legal effects at the legislative level. At the same time, there are also problems such as limited scope of information disclosure in practical operations. It is necessary to use the method of legal hermeneutics to establish a multi-level and differentiated publicity system through systematic interpretation and normative coordination, so as to optimize the institutional framework of the publicity effect of commercial registration.