中医揿针埋针在骨科术后恶心呕吐护理中的应用效果探讨

Discussion on the Application Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Thumbtack Needle Embedding in Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Nursing in Orthopedics

摘要: 目的：探讨中医揿针埋针技术在骨科术后患者中的应用效果，重点分析其对恶心、呕吐等消化道症状的调控作用，并评估在减少止吐药物依赖及改善整体舒适度方面的临床价值。方法：研究时间范围设定为2023年1月至2024年12月，共纳入106例接受骨科手术的患者。所有入选对象均符合既定标准，并随机分组。对照组采取常规围术期护理方案，研究组在此基础上加用揿针埋针干预，选穴以合谷、内关为主。观察时间点为术后24小时内，分别记录患者恶心发生次数、呕吐持续时长、止吐药物使用频率，同时评估患者自我舒适度与胃肠功能恢复情况。结果：研究数据显示，接受揿针埋针干预的患者在恶心控制、呕吐时间缩短及药物依赖度降低方面均表现出明显优势。大部分患者反馈胃部不适感减轻，反酸现象减少，舒适感评分较对照组更高。分析结果提示，该技术能够调节术后胃肠自主神经功能，降低呕吐中枢的敏感性，并促进胃肠动力的恢复。在部分高风险人群中，揿针干预还展现出一定的预防价值，对早期胃肠反应控制有积极作用。结论：揿针埋针作为围术期护理的补充措施，能够在骨科术后有效缓解消化道不良反应，减少对止吐药物的依赖，并改善患者的整体舒适度。其临床意义不仅在于症状控制，更体现在为非药物干预策略提供了可靠依据。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the application effect of traditional Chinese medicine thumbtack needle embedding technique in postoperative orthopedic patients, focusing on its regulatory role in digestive tract symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, and to evaluate its clinical value in reducing antiemetic drug dependence and improving overall comfort. Methods: The study period was set from January 2023 to December 2024, including 106 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. All selected subjects met established criteria and were randomly assigned to groups. The control group received routine perioperative nursing care, while the study group received additional thumbtack needle embedding intervention, mainly at Hegu (LI4) and Neiguan (PC6) acupoints. Observation points were within 24 hours after surgery, recording the frequency of nausea, duration of vomiting, frequency of antiemetic drug use, and assessing patient self-reported comfort and gastrointestinal function recovery. Results: The data showed that patients receiving thumbtack needle embedding intervention demonstrated significant advantages in nausea control, reduced vomiting duration, and decreased drug dependence. Most patients reported reduced stomach discomfort and acid reflux, with higher comfort scores compared to the control group. The analysis suggested that this technique can regulate postoperative gastrointestinal autonomic nerve function, reduce the sensitivity of the vomiting center, and promote gastrointestinal motility recovery. In some high-risk populations, thumbtack needle intervention also showed preventive value and positive effects on early gastrointestinal response control. Conclusion: As a supplementary perioperative nursing measure, thumbtack needle embedding can effectively alleviate digestive tract adverse reactions after orthopedic surgery, reduce dependence on antiemetic drugs, and improve patients’ overall comfort. Its clinical significance lies not only in symptom control but also in providing reliable evidence for non-pharmacological intervention strategies.