基于GMS地下水数值模拟方法在煤层底板灰岩突水评价中的应用

Application of GMS-Based Groundwater Numerical Simulation Method in Water Inrush Evaluation of Coal Seam Floor from Limestone Aquifer

摘要: 以淮南煤田某矿的1煤层底板岩溶地下水为对象，通过水文地质试验了解水质、水位等变化，确定了断层导隔水性质和水文地质单元。采用GMS软件构建了水文地质模型和数值模拟模型，并开展了煤层底板突水性的安全性评价，结果表明：F₉₂和F₁₀₄断层带将矿井分为三个相对独立的水文地质单元，中央采区C₃I组灰岩地下水，其补给来源于浅部露头区，从浅部向深部地下水富水性逐渐减弱；含水层具有非均质性和各向异性，可划分为6个水文地质块段。结合《煤矿安全防治水细则》的底板突水系数安全阈值要求，当采区煤层底板灰岩含水层的疏放控制在82 m³/h时，55天后其突水系数降至0.06 MPa/m以下，能够满足煤层安全开采的相关要求。

Abstract: Taking the karst groundwater from karst aquifer under No.1 coal seam of some coal mine in the Huainan Coalfield as the research object, hydrogeological tests are conducted to understand variations in water quality and water level, and determine the water-conducting and water-resisting properties of the faults and the hydrogeological units. The hydrogeological model and a numerical simulation model have been built. GMS software, and a safety assessment of the water inrush risk from the karst aquifer under the coal seam floor was done. The results show that: Fault zones F₉₂ and F₁₀₄ have divided the mine into three relatively independent hydrogeological units. Specifically, the groundwater in the C₃I limestone group within the central mining area receives recharge from the shallow outcrop area, and the groundwater richness gradually decreases from the shallow aquifer to the deep. The aquifer is characterized by heterogeneity and anisotropy, and can be divided into 6 hydrogeological blocks. Combined with the safety threshold requirements for water inrush coefficients in coal seam floor from Detailed Rules for Coal Mine Safety and Water Inrush Prevention and Control when the drainage from the limestone aquifer under the coal seam floor is 82 m³/h, the water inrush coefficient will be less than 0.06 MPa/m after 55 days, which meets the requirements for safe mining.