建筑业碳排放与绿色创新减排效应研究综述

A Review of Carbon Emissions and the Emission-Reduction Effects of Green Innovation in the Construction Industry

摘要: 在全球“碳达峰”“碳中和”目标背景下，建筑业作为碳排放量最大的行业之一，成为低碳减排的重点领域。同时，绿色创新为建筑业低碳转型提供了重要驱动力。然而，现有研究在碳排放测度方法、碳减排效应等方面仍存在分散化和结论不一致等问题。针对以上问题，本文基于国内外文献进行了系统梳理，一是总结了建筑业碳排放的主要测度方法，并深入对比了不同测度方法的应用场景和优缺点；二是围绕绿色创新的内涵，梳理了以绿色创新效率和绿色专利为代表的评价指标构建方法；三是对绿色创新对碳排放的影响机理展开评述，总结现有研究的实证结果，提炼共识和分歧；四是指出现有研究的不足之处，并指出未来可深化研究的方向。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of global “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality” targets, the construction industry, as one of the largest sources of carbon emissions, has become a key sector for low-carbon mitigation. At the same time, green innovation provides an important driving force for the low-carbon transition of the construction industry. However, existing studies remain fragmented and often yield inconsistent conclusions regarding carbon emission measurement methods and emission-reduction effects. To address these issues, this paper conducts a systematic review of domestic and international literature. First, it summarizes the main methods for measuring carbon emissions in the construction industry and provides an in-depth comparison of their application scenarios, advantages and limitations. Second, focusing on the connotation of green innovation, it reviews the construction of evaluation indicators represented by green innovation efficiency and green patents. Third, it examines the mechanisms through which green innovation affects carbon emissions, synthesizes empirical findings, and distills areas of consensus and disagreement. Finally, it identifies the main limitations of current research and outlines directions for future studies.