湿性愈合理论在压疮治疗中的应用进展

Progress in the Application of Wet Healing Theory in the Treatment of Pressure Ulcers

摘要: 湿性愈合理论是现代创面管理领域的重要进展，通过营造密闭湿润的微环境调整压疮治疗路径，本研究系统梳理其核心机制与临床转化策略。该理论基于低氧环境与生长因子的协同作用，能明显加快坏死组织溶解及上皮细胞迁移，相比传统干性愈合，在疼痛控制和降低感染率方面更具优势。针对不同分期的压疮特点，已形成水胶体、藻酸盐、银离子等多类型敷料的精准选择方法，结合负压引流、主动清创等辅助技术，形成“创面评估–分期干预–动态监测”的全流程管理模式。现有证据显示，这种模式能解决传统护理中的实践难题，为深度压疮及感染性创面提供有效解决方案，其推广既能提高患者生存质量，也能优化医疗资源配置。

Abstract: The theory of moist healing is an important development in the field of modern wound management. By creating a closed and moist microenvironment to adjust the treatment path of pressure ulcers, this study systematically reviews its core mechanisms and clinical translation strategies. This theory is based on the synergistic effect of low oxygen environment and growth factors, which can significantly accelerate the dissolution of necrotic tissue and epithelial cell migration. Compared with traditional dry healing, it has more advantages in pain control and reducing infection rates. Based on the characteristics of pressure ulcers in different stages, precise selection methods for various types of dressings such as hydrocolloids, alginates, and silver ions have been developed. Combined with auxiliary technologies such as negative pressure drainage and active debridement, a full process management model of “wound assessment staged intervention dynamic monitoring” has been formed. Existing evidence shows that this model can solve practical problems in traditional nursing and provide effective solutions for deep pressure ulcers and infectious wounds. Its promotion can not only improve patients’ quality of life, but also optimize the allocation of medical resources.