乌兹别克斯坦国谢拉巴德锶矿地质特征及其成因

Geological Characteristics and Genesis of Sherabad Strontium Deposit in Uzbekistan

摘要: 乌兹别克斯坦共和国位于中亚五国的中部，是一个矿产资源丰富的国家，其金、铀、铜、岩盐与钾盐等储量位居世界前列，但对该国的锶矿资源前人却鲜有报道。作者对位于该国南部苏尔汉河州巴伊松地区的谢拉巴德锶矿床进行了考察调研并采集了部分样品。矿床及矿体地质特征研究表明，谢拉巴德锶矿床赋存于古近系古新统(E₁)生物灰岩中。矿石自然类型以致密块状、晶簇状和粒状以及角砾状矿石为主，矿石结构以自形–半自形柱状结构和粒状结构为主，矿石构造以块状构造和角砾状构造为主。分析认为，古近系古新统(E₁)下部与白云岩互层产出的安山岩为谢拉巴德锶矿床的形成提供了丰富的锶源，成矿时代为古近系古新统晚期，经历了早期同生沉积阶段、中期后生充填阶段和晚期表生胶结阶段3个成矿阶段，属于泻湖相同生沉积–表生改造型锶矿床。本文的认识为在谢拉巴德外围地区寻找类似锶矿床提供基础地质依据，也可为国内企业在乌兹别克斯坦开展矿业投资提供决策参考。

Abstract: The Republic of Uzbekistan, located in the central part of five Central Asian countries, is rich in the mineral resources with its reserves of gold, uranium, copper, rock salt and potassium salt, etc. ranking among the top in the world. However, there have been few reports on the strontium mineral resources in the country by previous researchers. The authors of this article investigated Sherabad strontium deposit located in the Baysun area, Surhanarya State in the south of the country. Research on the geological characteristics of the deposit and orebodies shows that, Sherabad strontium deposit occurrences in the bio-limestone formation formed in the Paleocene, Paleogene (E₁). The main nature type of the ore is massive, drusy, granule and brecciform, the dominant texture is in euhedral-subhedral columnar and granularform, and the ore structure consists mainly of massive, brecciform and stockwork forms. The andesite that interbedded with dolomite in the lower layer of the E₁ provides abundant strontium sources for the formation of Sherabad strontium deposit. The mineralization period is the late stage of the Paleocene, Paleogene. The mineralization stage mainly consists of three stages: early synsedimentary stage, middle epigenetic filling stage, and late surface cementation stage. The deposit type is classified as belonging to synsedimentary-surface reworked type in the lagoon environment. The understandings in this article could provide a basic geological basis for searching the similar strontium deposits in the peripheral areas of Sherabad, and could also do decision-making references for domestic enterprises to carry out mining investments in Uzbekistan.