孤独症谱系障碍儿童声音情绪的加工特点研究

Research on the Processing Characteristics of Emotional Voices in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

摘要: 孤独症谱系障碍(简称ASD)是一类以社交障碍、重复行为、有限兴趣等为主要特征的复杂性神经发育疾病。孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的声音情绪识别缺陷严重影响其社交能力。本研究通过两个实验探究ASD儿童与智力障碍儿童的声音情绪加工特点。实验一采用2 × 3混合设计，发现ASD儿童声音情绪识别正确率低于智力障碍儿童，反应时更长，两类儿童对正性情绪声音的识别正确率均高于负性与中性。实验二加入图片辅助，结果显示图片辅助可提高两类儿童的识别准确性并缩短反应时，但ASD儿童的进步幅度小于智力障碍儿童。结论：ASD儿童声音情绪加工存在缺陷，正性情绪识别占优，图片辅助可改善其识别能力。

Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized primarily by social impairments, repetitive behaviors, and limited interests. Deficits in vocal emotion recognition significantly impair the social abilities of children with ASD. This study investigated the vocal emotion processing characteristics of children with ASD and intellectual disabilities through two experiments. In Experiment 1, a 2 × 3 mixed-design approach was employed, revealing that children with ASD had lower accuracy in vocal emotion recognition and longer reaction times compared to children with intellectual disabilities. Both groups demonstrated higher accuracy in recognizing positive vocal emotions than negative or neutral ones. Experiment 2 introduced pictorial aids, showing that such assistance improved recognition accuracy and reduced reaction times for both groups. However, the progress of children with ASD was less pronounced than that of children with intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: Children with ASD exhibit deficits in vocal emotion processing, showing a bias toward recognizing positive emotions, and image-assisted methods can enhance their recognition abilities.