乡村旅居差异化发展机理探析：基于芒晃村与银桥村的案例对比

An Analysis of the Differentiation Development Mechanism of Rural Homestay Tourism: A Comparative Case Study of Manghuang Village and Yinqiao Village

摘要: 在城镇化深化与文旅融合背景下，乡村旅居成为乡村振兴关键业态，但村落异质性导致发展驱动力分化。本文以“外推式”芒晃村与“内生式”银桥村为案例，从发展动因、路径、效益及困境展开对比研究。研究发现，芒晃村依托政策扶持与区位资源快速兴起，呈现政府主导、经济速增特征，但面临村民参与不足、业态同质化等问题；银桥村凭借原生生态与文化资源自发发展，形成市场主导、稳步提质格局，却受困于同质化竞争与生态承载压力。研究表明，外推式村落需通过政策精准赋能、主体能力培育与文化IP塑造实现转型，内生式村落应聚焦规划提质、协同补短板与生态共治破解瓶颈。二者差异化路径印证“驱动力适配资源禀赋”核心逻辑，为乡村旅居高质量可持续发展提供理论支撑与实践参考。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of advancing urbanization and the integration of culture and tourism, rural homestay tourism has emerged as a pivotal industry for rural vitalization. However, the heterogeneity among villages has led to the differentiation of development driving forces. Taking Manghuang Village with an externally-driven development model and Yinqiao Village with an endogenously-driven development model as case studies, this paper conducts a comparative analysis from the perspectives of development motivation, paths, benefits and predicaments. The research finds that Manghuang Village has risen rapidly relying on policy support and location-based resources, featuring government leadership and rapid economic growth, but it is confronted with problems such as insufficient villager participation and industrial homogeneity. In contrast, Yinqiao Village has developed spontaneously by virtue of its inherent ecological and cultural resources, forming a market-led pattern of steady quality improvement, yet it is plagued by homogeneous competition and pressure on ecological carrying capacity. The study demonstrates that villages with an externally-driven development model need to realize transformation through targeted policy empowerment, capacity building of stakeholders and cultural IP cultivation. Meanwhile, villages with an endogenously-driven development model should focus on planning optimization, collaborative capacity complementation and joint ecological governance to break through development bottlenecks. The differentiated development paths of the two types of villages verify the core logic that “development driving forces should match resource endowments”, which provides theoretical support and practical reference for the high-quality and sustainable development of rural homestay tourism.