基于翻译行为理论的美式幽默汉译策略研究——以美剧《破产姐妹》幽默台词汉译为例

A Study on the Translation Strategies of American Humor under the Theory of Translatorial Action—A Case Study of the American TV Series Two Broke Girls

摘要: 本文基于曼塔利的翻译行为理论框架，以人人网译制的《破产姐妹》全六季台词为语料展开实证分析，系统考察译者在处理美式幽默台词时采用的汉译策略。研究发现，译者主要采取了套用中文习惯表达、转换成中文修辞格、语境化替换、中文谐音转化、双关结构保留和语境化增译等六类翻译策略。其中套用中文习惯表达的译法在所有策略中应用频率最高。研究进一步指出，译者在策略抉择过程中需动态权衡原台词幽默特征、中文观众接受度、字幕时空限制等多重因素，其根本目标在于实现幽默效果的跨文化等效传递，最大限度降低文化折损，从而真正实现影视作品跨文化传播的价值。

Abstract: Based on Justa Holz-Mänttäri’s Theory of Translatorial Action, this study conducts an empirical analysis using the complete six-season dialogue of American TV series Two Broke Girls translated by Moatable, Inc. as the corpus. It systematically examines the Chinese translation strategies adopted by translators when dealing with American-style humor. The findings reveal that translators mainly employ six types of strategies: adopting Chinese idiomatic expressions, converting into Chinese rhetoric, contextual substitution, Chinese homophonic adaptation, retention of pun structures, and contextual amplification. Among these, the strategy of adopting Chinese idiomatic expressions is the most frequently used. The study further indicates that in the process of strategic decision-making, translators need to dynamically balance multiple factors, including the humorous features of the original lines, the acceptance of Chinese audiences, and the spatiotemporal constraints of subtitles. The fundamental goal is to achieve the equivalent transfer of humorous effects across cultures, minimize cultural loss, and thereby realize the value of cross-cultural dissemination of film and television works.