“嫁”“娶”的不对称分布及认知研究

A Cognitive Study of the Asymmetric Distribution of the Chinese Marriage Verbs “Jià” and “Qǔ”

摘要: “嫁”“娶”是用作于婚嫁活动中的一对动词，二者在词汇和语法层面的分布都呈现出了不对称性。本文通过分析“嫁”“娶”在词汇层面上词义、构词、词频的不对称性和在语法层面上加宾语、趋向补语和“把”字句、“被”字句中“嫁”“娶”的不对称性，试探究其背后的认知成因。

Abstract: The Chinese verbs “jià” (“to marry”, referring to women) and “qǔ” (“to marry”, referring to men) constitute a pair of lexical items used in marriage-related contexts, yet they display notable asymmetries in both lexical and grammatical distribution. This study examines the lexical asymmetry of “jià” and “qǔ” in terms of their semantic properties, word formation patterns, and frequency, as well as their grammatical asymmetry in the use of objects, directional complements, and their behavior in “ba” and “bei” constructions. Through this analysis, the study explores the underlying cognitive motivations that give rise to these asymmetric patterns.