在校大学生认知灵活性的现状及影响因素分析
Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of Cognitive Flexibility among College Students
摘要: 目的：调查探讨大学生认知灵活性的现状及其与家庭背景、个人行为及心理因素的关系，为认知灵活性人才培养提供实证依据与教育建议。方法：于2025年6月~2025年9月采用方便抽样法选取国内高校606位大学生作为调查对象，利用一般资料调查表、中文版认知灵活性量表进行分析。结果：大学生认知灵活性总体得分为(34.44 ± 7.093)，处于中等偏下水平。多元线性回归分析显示，吸烟频率、压力知觉、心理丰富性等因素对认知灵活性的影响具有显著作用(p < 0.05)。结论：大学生认知灵活性受家庭背景、个人行为和心理因素的共同影响。教育实践中应关注认知灵活性的结构性短板，通过优化家庭教养方式、引导学生参与多元认知活动来培养健康行为习惯，系统提升大学生的认知适应与创新能力。
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current status of cognitive flexibility among college students and its relationship with family background, personal behaviors, and psychological factors, providing empirical evidence and educational recommendations for cultivating talent with cognitive flexibility. Methods: Using convenience sampling, 606 college students from domestic universities were selected as subjects from June to September 2025. Analysis was conducted using a general information questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Cognitive Flexibility Scale. Results: The overall cognitive flexibility score among college students was (34.44 ± 7.093), indicating a lower-middle level. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that factors such as smoking frequency, perceived stress, and psychological richness significantly influenced cognitive flexibility (p < 0.05). Conclusion: College students’ cognitive flexibility is jointly influenced by family background, personal behaviors, and psychological factors. Educational practices should address structural deficiencies in cognitive flexibility by optimizing parenting approaches, guiding students toward diverse cognitive activities to cultivate healthy behavioral habits, and systematically enhancing their cognitive adaptability and innovative capabilities.
文章引用：张勇超, 韩慧洋, 王秀云, 任静婕 (2026). 在校大学生认知灵活性的现状及影响因素分析. 心理学进展, 16(1), 101-109. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.161014

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