国际商事仲裁协议效力扩张的实践困境与中国路径应对

Practical Dilemmas in Extending the Effects of International Commercial Arbitration Agreements and China’s Approach

摘要: 本文以国际商事仲裁协议效力扩张为对象，梳理行为推定接受、公平合理期待、禁止反言和公司人格否认等理论基础，概括其在合同转让、代理关系与公司集团等情形中的典型适用，指出我国目前存在立法缺位、扩张范围不明和书面形式规定僵化等问题。在此基础上，主张通过宽泛解释“书面形式”、有条件承认默示仲裁协议，并在立法上引入追加当事人制度，明确申请主体、时间与实质要件，以回应实践需求、提升我国仲裁的国际竞争力并服务“一带一路”建设。

Abstract: This paper focuses on the expansion of the effects of international commercial arbitration agreements, sorting out theoretical foundations such as presumed acceptance through conduct, fair and reasonable expectations, estoppel, and disregard of corporate personality. It summarizes their typical applications in scenarios like contract assignment, agency relationships, and corporate groups, and points out current issues in China, including legislative gaps, unclear scope of expansion, and rigid requirements for written forms. On this basis, it advocates for responding to practical needs by loosening the interpretation of “written form,” conditionally recognizing implied arbitration agreements, and introducing legislative provisions for the joinder of additional parties. This approach aims to clarify the applicant, timing, and substantive requirements, thereby enhancing the international competitiveness of China’s arbitration system and supporting the Belt and Road Initiative.