基于交通运输视角的电商物流运输系统协同优化研究

Coordinated Optimization of E-Commerce Logistics Transportation System from the Perspective of Traffic Engineering

摘要: 本文从交通运输视角构建电商物流协同优化框架，破解路径规划、运力调度与多主体协同三大瓶颈。针对高并发场景设计轻量级启发式算法：改进Clarke-Wright节约算法融合时间窗惩罚与实时路况校验；最近邻贪心匹配叠加载重时效双校验机制；基于API和消息队列构建轻量协同协议。以杭州余杭区“六一八”大促万级订单数据实证表明，该框架显著提升车辆利用率与响应速度，降低空驶率，为中小物流企业提供了可快速部署、投资回收期短的降本增效方案。

Abstract: This paper constructs a collaborative optimization framework for e-commerce logistics from the perspective of traffic engineering to address three major bottlenecks: route planning, capacity scheduling, and multi-agent coordination. Lightweight heuristic algorithms are designed for high-concurrency scenarios: an improved Clarke-Wright savings algorithm integrated with time-window penalties and real-time traffic condition verification; a nearest-neighbor greedy matching mechanism overlaid with dual-verification of load capacity and time efficiency; and a lightweight collaboration protocol built upon APIs and message queues. Empirical analysis using ten-thousand-level order data from the “618” shopping festival in Yuhang District, Hangzhou demonstrates that the framework significantly improves vehicle utilization and response speed while reducing empty-load rates, providing a cost-effective solution with quick deployment and short payback period for small and medium-sized logistics enterprises.