云南省山洪灾害防御体系及对策分析

Analysis of the Yunnan Province Mountain Flood Disaster Prevention System and Countermeasures

摘要: 云南省由于特殊的地理环境和气候，山洪灾害频繁。本文分析了云南省山洪灾害主要特点、山洪灾害非工程措施，发现通过“监测预警–工程治理–基层响应”三位一体措施，山洪灾害防御能力显著提升，并创造性构建了山洪灾害综合防御体系，在近年来山洪灾害防御工作中持续发挥作用，最大限度减少了人员伤亡，防灾减灾效益显著。针对山洪灾害防御中存在的问题，本文提出了完善小流域网格化管理体系制度、保障山洪灾害防治非工程措施运维经费等对策建议，为山地省份山洪灾害防治提供借鉴，对山洪的防御、人口的安全转移起到积极的作用。

Abstract: Yunnan Province, due to its special geographical environment and typical climatic characteristics, has frequent mountain flood disasters. The main characteristics of mountain floods, the operation status of non-engineering measures for mountain flood disasters, and the significant improvement of mountain flood disaster defense capacity through the trinity of “monitor and early warning-engineering control-grassroots response” are analyzed. A comprehensive defense system for mountain flood disasters has been creatively constructed and continuously played a role in the prevention and of mountain flood disasters in recent years, which has minimized casualties and has a significant effect on disaster prevention and reduction. According to the problems existing in the prevention and control of mountain disasters, this paper puts forward suggestions such as perfecting the management system of the grid in small watersheds and ensuring the operation and maintenance funds for non-engineering measures of mountain disaster prevention and control, providing references for the prevention and control of mountain flood disasters in mountainous provinces and playing an active role in the prevention of mountain floods and evacuation.