气象数据网络安全防护策略研究与实践

Research and Practice of Security Protection Strategies for Meteorological Data Network

摘要: 随着气象信息化建设的深入推进，气象数据已从单一的业务资源转变为驱动社会经济发展和保障国家安全的关键生产要素。其高价值、海量性、实时性等特点，使其成为网络攻击的重要目标。本文立足于气象部门网络安全管理的实际工作，结合当前气象数据安全面临的严峻挑战，从技术、管理、运维三个维度，系统性地梳理和总结了气象数据网络安全的防范措施。内容涵盖网络边界安全、数据全生命周期保护、身份认证与访问控制、安全监测与态势感知、安全管理制度与人员意识提升等多个方面，旨在构建一个“主动防御、纵深协同、管理闭环”的综合性防护体系，为保障气象数据的机密性、完整性和可用性，支撑气象业务的高质量发展提供实践参考。

Abstract: With the deepening of meteorological information construction, meteorological data has transformed from a single business resource into a key production factor that drives social and economic development and ensures national security. Its high value, massive volume, real-time characteristics, make it an important target for cyberattacks. Based on the actual work of network security management in meteorological departments and considering the severe challenges currently faced by meteorological data security, this paper systematically reviews and summarizes preventive measures for meteorological data network security from the technical, management, and operational dimensions. The content covers multiple aspects, including network boundary security, full lifecycle data protection, identity authentication and access control, security monitoring and situational awareness, security management systems, and personnel awareness improvement. The goal is to build a comprehensive protection system characterized by “proactive defense, depth collaboration, and closed-loop management,” providing practical references to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of meteorological data and supporting high-quality development of meteorological services.