隧道岩爆灾害的成因与防治
The Cause and Prevention of Rock Burst Disaster in Tunnel
DOI: 10.12677/hjce.2026.151008, PDF,   
作者: 郑飞雨, 王营利, 李俊龙, 张培鑫, 张豪杰, 郭豪杰, 宋杰铭：华北水利水电大学地球科学与工程学院，河南 郑州
关键词: 隧道；岩爆；地质构造；支护；Tunnel； Rock Burst； Geological Structure； Timbering
摘要: 文章深入探讨了隧道岩爆现象，包括其定义、成因、分类以及对隧道工程的影响。首先，分析了岩爆的突发性、不确定性、破坏性等关键特征，讨论了其全球分布和具体案例，如英吉利海峡隧道和青藏铁路隧道的岩爆事件。其次，探讨了岩爆的地质、工程和环境成因，指出了岩石物理性质、地质构造、开挖方法、支护设计和地下水等因素对岩爆的影响。最后，提出了包括设计优化、施工技术改进、支护和加固措施、风险管理以及应急预案在内的综合防治策略，旨在为隧道工程的安全施工和岩爆风险管理提供科学依据和实际指导。
Abstract: This paper discusses the tunnel rock burst phenomenon, including its definition, causes, classification, and impact on tunnel engineering. Firstly, it analyzes the key characteristics of rock bursts, such as suddenness, uncertainty, and destructiveness, and discusses their global distribution and specific cases, including the rock burst events in the Channel Tunnel and the Qinghai-Xizang Railway Tunnel. Then, the paper discusses the geological, engineering, and environmental causes of rock bursts, and points out the effects of rock physical properties, geological structure, excavation method, support design, and groundwater on rock bursts. Finally, comprehensive prevention and control strategies, including design optimization, construction technology improvement, support and reinforcement measures, risk management, and emergency plans are proposed, aiming at providing a scientific basis and practical guidance for safe construction of tunnel engineering and rock burst risk management.
文章引用：郑飞雨, 王营利, 李俊龙, 张培鑫, 张豪杰, 郭豪杰, 宋杰铭. 隧道岩爆灾害的成因与防治[J]. 土木工程, 2026, 15(1): 62-68. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2026.151008

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