重庆江北国际机场微波辐射计在不同天气条件下探测精度分析

Analysis of Detection Accuracy of Microwave Radiometer at Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport under Different Weather Conditions

摘要: 把天气条件划分为晴天、阴天、雨天、雾天四类，利用沙坪坝站探空资料、重庆江北国际机场逐小时观测资料作为参考标准，对重庆江北国际机场微波辐射计探测的2023年温湿度数据进行了探测精度分析。结论表明，微波辐射计探测的地面温度在四种天气条件下差距不大，地面相对湿度在晴天和阴天时明显优于雨天和雾天。探测的高空温度在晴天和阴天平均偏差在−2℃左右，雨天时在2℃左右，雾天时的平均偏差、均方根误差和相关系数在各个高度层波动较大；探测的高空相对湿度，在晴天、阴天和雨天时相对湿度平均偏差和均方根误差都比较接近，平均偏差大致在−10%~10%之间，均方根误差大致在5%~15%之间，雾天表现最差。

Abstract: The weather conditions were divided into four categories: sunny, cloudy, rainy, and foggy. Using the sounding data of Shapingba Station and the hourly observation data of Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport as reference standards, the detection accuracy of the temperature and humidity data detected by the microwave radiometer of Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport in 2023 was analyzed. The conclusion shows that the ground temperature detected by the microwave radiometer has little difference under the four weather conditions, and the ground relative humidity is significantly better on sunny and cloudy days than on rainy and foggy days. The average deviation of detected high-altitude temperature on sunny and cloudy days is around −2˚C, and on rainy days is around 2˚C. The average deviation, root mean square error and correlation coefficient on foggy days fluctuate greatly at various altitudes. The detected upper-altitude relative humidity, the average deviation and root mean square error of relative humidity on sunny, cloudy and rainy days are relatively close. The average deviation is roughly between −10% and 10%, and the root mean square error is roughly between 5% and 15%. The performance is worst on foggy days.