行政复议制度的功能定位

Functional Orientation of the Administrative Reconsideration System

摘要: 本文围绕行政复议制度的功能定位展开研究，梳理了内部监督说等理论观点，提出在全面推进依法治国背景下，应将“解决行政争议”确立为行政复议的主要功能。本文反思了我国曾以“化解行政争议的主渠道”为目标的定位在实践中暴露的主观愿景与客观现实的矛盾，指出行政复议正从“主渠道”向“实质性解决争议”转型。该转型基于历史逻辑、制度逻辑、发展逻辑和理论逻辑，需通过立法目标重构与制度创新实现，以推动行政复议制度实现“质的提升”，为法治中国建设提供制度支撑。

Abstract: This paper conducts a study centering on the functional orientation of the administrative reconsideration system, sorts out theoretical perspectives such as the internal supervision theory, and proposes that against the backdrop of comprehensively advancing the rule of law, “resolving administrative disputes” should be established as the primary function of administrative reconsideration. The paper reflects on the contradiction between subjective aspirations and objective reality exposed in practice, which arose from China’s previous positioning of administrative reconsideration as “the main channel for resolving administrative disputes”. It points out that administrative reconsideration is undergoing a transformation from “the main channel” to “substantive dispute resolution”. Rooted in historical, institutional, developmental and theoretical logics, this transformation needs to be realized through the reconstruction of legislative objectives and institutional innovation, so as to promote the qualitative improvement of the administrative reconsideration system and provide institutional support for the construction of a law-based China.