清障车主传动系统设计

Main Drive System Design of Barrier-Clearing Trucks

摘要: 清障车作为保障道路通行安全的关键装备，广泛应用于高速公路及城市交通疏导场景。针对国内现有清障车主传动系统存在结构计算简化、应力状态反映不准确、安全隐患突出等问题，本文以主传动系统优化设计为核心目标，开展系统性研究。首先通过对比机械传动与液压传动的技术特性，选定稳定性强、性价比高的机械传动方案，构建“发动机–电磁离合器–锥齿轮–减速箱–滚筒”的动力传输架构；随后基于动力性能需求完成核心部件选型，选用额定功率100 kW的曼D2066LF40发动机，并对SMA5-30型锥齿轮、45Cr材质连接轴等关键部件进行精准的载荷计算与强度校核；最终形成兼顾适配性与稳定性的主传动系统设计方案。试验验证表明，该系统传动效率达99.7%，核心部件扭转切应力控制在55 MPa许用值内，作业模式切换响应时间 ≤ 0.5 s，有效解决了传统设计的安全隐患，为清障车高效、安全作业提供了可靠的技术支撑。

Abstract: As a key piece of equipment for ensuring road traffic safety, barrier-clearing trucks are widely used in highway and urban traffic management. To address the problems of simplified structural calculations, inaccurate stress analysis, and significant safety risks in the main drive systems of existing domestic barrier-clearing trucks, this paper presents a systematic study focused on the optimal design of the main drive system. First, by comparing the technical characteristics of mechanical and hydraulic transmission systems, a mechanical transmission scheme with high stability and cost‑effectiveness was selected. A power transmission structure consisting of “engine-electromagnetic clutch-bevel gear-reducer-drum” was established. Next, based on power performance requirements, the core components were selected, including a MAN D2066LF40 engine with a rated power of 100 kW. Accurate load calculations and strength verification were conducted for key components such as the SMA5‑30 bevel gear and the connecting shaft made of 45Cr steel. Finally, a main drive system design that balances adaptability and stability was formed. Experimental results show that the system achieves a transmission efficiency of 99.7%, with the torsional shear stress of core components controlled within the allowable limit of 55 MPa. The response time for switching between operating modes is ≤0.5 s. This effectively resolves the safety issues of traditional designs and provides reliable technical support for the efficient and safe operation of barrier-clearing trucks.