清代安徽庐江县城城池形态复原研究

Study on the Reconstruction of the Walled City Form of Lujiang County Seat, Anhui Province during the Qing Dynasty

摘要: 庐江县地处皖中腹地，南依大别山，北临巢湖，自古为江淮之间的重要县治。其城池始建于隋唐，历经宋元明清的修筑与演变，至清代形制基本定型，形成“山环水抱、以水为城”的江淮平原典型城镇格局。以清光绪十一年(1885年)《庐江县志》所载城池图为研究核心，结合地方志文献、历史地形资料及现代测绘成果，并辅以GIS技术，对清代庐江县城的空间格局进行系统复原，揭示庐江县城在选址布局、水系构建与空间组织上的地域特色与发展脉络，以期对庐江县历史城镇地理展开初步讨论。

Abstract: Lujiang County is located in the central part of Anhui Province, bordered by the Dabie Mountains to the south and Chaohu Lake to the north. It has long served as an important county seat between the Yangtze and Huai Rivers. The city was first established during the Sui and Tang dynasties, and after successive reconstructions through the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties, its overall structure became largely fixed in the Qing period, forming the typical urban pattern of the Jianghuai Plain—“surrounded by mountains and embraced by water”. This study takes the city map recorded in Lujiang County Gazetteer (11th year of Guangxu, 1885) as its core reference, integrating gazetteer texts, historical topographic data, and modern surveying results, supplemented by GIS technology. Through a systematic reconstruction of the spatial layout of Lujiang County Seat in the Qing Dynasty, the research reveals the regional characteristics and developmental logic of the city’s site selection, water system configuration, and spatial organization, providing a preliminary exploration of the historical urban geography of Lujiang.