技术赋能与培智课堂有效融合的实然困境与应然路径——基于OKC数据编码和CNSknowall的可视化分析

The Actual Dilemma and Ought-to-Be Path of the Effective Integration of Technology Empowerment and Mentally Retarded Classrooms—Visual Analysis Based on OKC Data Coding and CNSknowall

摘要: 技术赋能特殊教育高质量发展是加快中国特殊教育现代化建设的实践共识。为进一步了解培智学校学生课堂主动参与、技术深度融合、教学精准适配等方面存在的问题，探索有关优化和改进路径，切实提升课堂教学质量，研究者开展了基于视频分析的课堂观察可视化分析研究。对随机选取的三节培智学校生活语文常态课通过OKC系统进行编码，利用CNSknowall平台对数据进行可视化分析，重点聚焦生活语文常态化教学场景，分析其教学行为、教师信息技术应用和教师TPACK能力，进而精准研判常态化课堂中教师的真实能力水平。研究发现，课堂主导权呈现出明显的教师中心倾向，教学媒体应用整合深度不足、教师TPACK能力不足。基于此，建议优化课堂互动与教学结构、开发个性化技术资源、构建TPACK教师专业发展体系、完善评价与激励机制。

Abstract: The high-quality development of technology-enabled special education is a practical consensus to accelerate the modernization of special education in China. In order to further understand the problems existing in the students’ active participation in the classroom, the deep integration of technology, and the precise adaptation of teaching in the school for the mentally retarded, explore the path of optimization and improvement, and effectively improve the quality of classroom teaching, the researchers carried out a visual analysis of classroom observation based on video analysis. In this study, three randomly selected normal life Chinese courses for mentally retarded students are coded through the OKC system, and the data are visualized and analyzed by using the CNSknowall platform. Focusing on the normal teaching scene of life Chinese, this paper analyzes its teaching behavior, teachers’ information technology application and teachers’ TPACK ability, and then accurately judges the real ability level of teachers in the normal classroom. The study found that the classroom dominance showed a clear teacher-centered tendency, the depth of integration of teaching media applications was insufficient, and teachers’ TPACK ability was insufficient. Based on this, this study proposes to optimize classroom interaction and teaching structure, develop personalized technical resources, construct TPACK teacher professional development system, and improve evaluation and incentive mechanism.