认知行为心理健康教育提升医院实习生心理韧性的干预研究

Cognitive Behavioral Mental Health Education to Enhance the Psychological Resilience of Hospital Interns: An Intervention Study

摘要: 本研究探讨基于认知行为疗法(CBT)的阶段性心理健康教育对提升医院实习生心理韧性与临床适应能力的应用效果。方法：采用随机对照试验设计，将某院新入院的50名实习生随机分为实验组(n = 25)和对照组(n = 25)。所有入组者在实习初期(干预前)使用中文版心理韧性量表(CD-RISC)调查心理韧性(坚韧、自强、乐观三维度)，并使用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估情绪状态。实验组接受为期2月、依据实习生不同阶段特点设置的CBT心理健康教育干预，对照组接受常规岗前培训与管理。在实习末期(干预后)再次使用上述量表进行评估。结果：干预前，两组在CD-RISC、SDS及SAS得分上无显著差异(p > 0.05)。干预后，实验组的CD-RISC总分及各维度得分均显著高于对照组(p < 0.01)，且SDS标准分和SAS标准分均显著低于对照组(p < 0.01)。结论：基于认知行为疗法、针对实习生阶段特点设计的心理健康教育能有效提升其心理韧性水平，并缓解抑郁与焦虑情绪，是促进医学实习生心理健康的有效途径。

Abstract: This study explores the application effect of stage-based mental health education based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on enhancing psychological resilience and clinical adaptability in hospital interns. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was adopted, dividing 50 newly admitted interns from a hospital into an experimental group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 25) randomly. All were surveyed for psychological resilience using the Chinese version of the Psychological Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), which includes three dimensions: perseverance, self-reliance, and optimism, at the beginning of their internship (before intervention) and used the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) to assess their emotional state. The experimental group received a 2-month CBT mental health education intervention designed according to the characteristics of different stages of interns, while the control group received routine pre-job training and management. At the end of the internship (after intervention), the above scales were used for re-evaluation. Results: There was no difference between the two groups in CD-RISC, SDS, and SAS scores before intervention (p > 0.05). After the intervention, the total CD-ISC score and the scores of each dimension in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.01), and the standard scores of SDS and SAS were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Mental health education designed based on cognitive behavioral therapy and designed for the characteristics of internship stages can effectively improve their psychological resilience level and alleviate depression and anxiety, which is an effective way to promote the mental health of medical interns.