数字科技赋能城乡融合发展的机制、路径及策略研究

Digital Technology Enabling Urban-Rural Integrated Development: Mechanisms, Pathways, and Strategies

摘要: 城乡融合是区域协调发展的核心议题，数字科技已成为打破城乡发展壁垒、推动要素双向流动的关键驱动要素。本文基于2012~2023年中国30个省份(不含港澳台地区、西藏自治区)面板数据，构建数字科技与城乡融合双维度指标体系，通过双向固定效应模型、中介效应模型、两阶段最小二乘法(2SLS)及空间杜宾模型，系统探究数字科技促进城乡融合的直接效应、中介机制、空间溢出效应及稳健性。研究发现：数字科技对城乡协调发展具有显著正向促进作用，且在经济、社会、生态、空间四大维度均成立；产业升级在二者关系中发挥部分中介作用；数字科技的作用存在显著空间溢出效应，本地数字科技发展可带动周边省份融合水平提升；经济发展水平与研发投入强度是城乡融合的重要支撑因素。基于此，从强化数字基建下沉、推动产业数字化协同、完善空间协同机制、优化政策保障体系四个维度提出对策建议，为推进城乡协同高质量发展提供实证参考与实践指引。

Abstract: Factor mobility constitutes a fundamental prerequisite for urban-rural integration. Drawing on the panel data of 30 Chinese provinces (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan regions and Tibet Autonomous Region) spanning the period from 2012 to 2023, this paper constructs a dual-dimensional indicator system encompassing digital technology and urban-rural integration. By adopting an integrated analytical framework consisting of the two-way fixed effects model, mediating effect model, two-stage least squares (2SLS) approach and spatial Durbin model, this study systematically examines the direct effects, mediating mechanisms, spatial spillover effects and robustness of digital technology in facilitating urban-rural integration. The empirical findings reveal that: digital technology exerts a significantly positive impact on urban-rural coordinated development, and this conclusion holds robustly across the four dimensions of economy, society, ecology and space; industrial upgrading plays a partial mediating role in the nexus between digital technology and urban-rural integration; the impacts of digital technology exhibit prominent spatial spillover effects, indicating that the advancement of local digital technology can effectively boost the integration level of neighboring provinces; economic development level and R&D investment intensity serve as critical supporting factors for urban-rural integration. On the basis of the above findings, targeted countermeasures and suggestions are proposed from four dimensions: reinforcing the extension of digital infrastructure to rural areas, advancing the synergy of industrial digitalization, improving the spatial coordination mechanism, and optimizing the policy support system, thereby providing empirical references and practical guidelines for promoting the high-quality coordinated development of urban and rural areas.