网络购物合同中的格式条款法律规制研究

Study on Legal Regulation of Standardized Terms in Online Shopping Contracts

摘要: 在网络购物应用过程中，格式条款因其便利性被广泛应用，同时也产生了一系列法律问题。当前，我国相关立法存在滞后性，对网络购物合同格式条款的法律规制尚不完善，难以适应数字经济发展的现实需求，亟待健全。文章立足于网络购物格式条款的规制现状与缺陷，结合实践中出现的缔约地位失衡、权利义务配置不公等具体问题展开分析，并从增设消费者异常条款排除规则、设置负面清单、细化格式条款提示说明义务的履行方式等方面提出系统性完善建议，以平衡合同公平与交易效率，为规范电子商务交易秩序、保护消费者合法权益提供理论参考。

Abstract: In the process of online shopping applications, standard terms are widely used for their convenience, yet they also give rise to a series of legal issues. Currently, China’s relevant legislation lags behind, and the legal regulation of standard terms in online shopping contracts remains imperfect, failing to meet the practical demands of digital economic development, thus demanding urgent refinement. This article examines the current regulatory landscape and deficiencies surrounding standard terms in online shopping contracts. It analyzes specific issues arising in practice, such as imbalances in contracting positions and inequitable allocation of rights and obligations. The study proposes systematic improvements, including establishing exclusion rules for consumer-unfavorable clauses, implementing negative lists, and refining the methods for fulfilling the obligation to prompt and explain standard terms. These recommendations aim to balance contractual fairness with transactional efficiency, offering theoretical guidance for regulating e-commerce transactions and protecting consumers’ legitimate rights and interests.