事实物权在行政征收中的补偿困境剖析与实践探索

Analysis and Practical Exploration on the Compensation Dilemma of Factual Property Rights in Administrative Expropriation

摘要: 作为物权保护与征收补偿制度衔接的关键环节，事实物权的补偿认定因现行法律框架的模糊陷入实践困境。行政机关在征收中机械适用“登记即权利”的形式标准，将未登记的事实物权排除在补偿范围之外，这本质是物权公示形式与实质权利状态的制度衔接的冲突。对此，应立足权利实质优先理念，从立法细化要件、建立双重调查制度、司法强化实质审查三方面构建纾解机制，最终实现行政征收中形式正义与实质正义的统一。

Abstract: As a pivotal link in the interface between property rights protection and expropriation compensation systems, the recognition of compensation for de facto property rights faces practical difficulties due to ambiguities within the current legal framework. Administrative bodies mechanically apply the formal standard of “registration as proof of title” during expropriation, thereby excluding unregistered factual property rights from compensation. This fundamentally reflects a conflict between the institutional linkage of property rights’ public notification form and their substantive status. To address this, a resolution mechanism should be established based on the principle of substantive rights priority. This involves three approaches: refining legislative requirements, establishing a dual investigation system, and strengthening substantive judicial review. Ultimately, this will achieve the unity of formal justice and substantive justice in administrative expropriation.